UNIT - 4 COMMUNICATION AND NURSES PATIENT REALATIONSHIP

INTRODUCTION

.The word communication comes from the latin word 'communicare' which means to share, to import, to partake etc.

It means transmitting and sharing of ideas, opinions, facts and information between persons or groups in such a way that the meaning received is equivalent to those that is perceived and understood by the sender. 

DEFINITION OF COMMUNICATION-

1. "Communication is a process of mutual exchange of thoughts, feelings, ideas, facts and emotions."           -Merrihue

2. "Communication is sharing of ideas and feelings in a mood of mutuality."    -Edgar Dale 

3. "It is the process of sharing information ideas and attitude between individual"

LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION-

1. INTRAPERSIONAL COMMUNICATION-

*  It is powerful form communication that occurs in and individual.

* This level of communication is also called self -talks, self- verbalization and inner thought.

2. INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATINON-

*  It is one to one interaction that occurs face to face.

*  This level of communication is frequently used in nursing situation.

*  Its results in expression of feeling, exchange of ideas, decision making, team building and problem solving  and personal growth when happen meaningfully.

3. TRANSPERSONAL COMMUNICATION-

*  It interaction that occurs with within a person's spiritual domain.

*  Nurses who value human spiritually use this  level for patients and for themselves.

4. SMALL GROUP COMMUNICATION-

*  It is interaction that take place with gathering of small number of persons. 

*  Its is usually goal-oriented and requires and understanding of group dynamics.

*  Nurses use this form for committee work, to lead client  support group, form research team and so on.

5. ORGANIZATION COMMUNICATION-

*  It is an interaction between an individual and groups within organization in order to achieve established goal.

6. PUBLIC COMMUNICATION-

*  it is interaction with an audience.

*  nurses use this form for group health education, classroom discussion with students or peers.

ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS-

1.  SOURCES OF SENDER- the person objects which passes information or ideas to other person is known as sender or sources.

2.  IDEAS- this is the subject matter of communication. this might be opinions, attitudes, feeling, view, suggestion, order etc.

3.  ENCODING- conversion of subject matter into symbols(words, action, pictures etc.) is the process of encoding. Symbols are transmitted from sender to the receiver.

4. CHANNEL- the symbols are transmitted through  certain channels , e.g.. radio, telephone, speech, written message, gestures etc. depending upon the relative distance between the sender and receiver.

5.  RECEIVER- receiver the person to whom the message mental for.

6. DECODING- receiver converts the symbol received from the sender to give him the meaning of the message.

7. FEEDBACK- It is the response from the receiver. It is necessary to ensure that the receiver has received the message and understood it in the same sense as sender wants.

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

1.  ON THE BASIS OF FLOW OF COMMUNICATION 

A. ONE-WAY COMMUNICATION- 

*  it is one way from the communicator to the audience. 

*  in this type of communication the sender will not get instant instant return or feedback from the receiver.    

B. TWO-WAY COMMUNICATION-

*  in this both the communicator and audience take parts. the process of communication is active and democratic it is more likely to influence behavior then one-way communication. people may rise questions and give their ideas, opinion and information to the subject.

2.  FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMUNICATION-

A.  FORMAL COMMUNICATION-

*  it is mainly used in office or institution for communicating to the people. the medium of formal communication may be department meeting, interview, conference etc. 

B.  INFORMAL COMMUNICATION-

*  it is generally used in friends circle and family member for gossip. it is very fast and active process.

3.  VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION-

A.  VERBAL COMMUNICATION- it is traditional way of communication is the use of spoken and written word. language is the chief vehicle of communication through which we can interact with other and able to pass information.

B. NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION- communication can occur even without work in which we can transfer or message with the help of  body-language without using words e.g. facial expression, body movement etc.

4. VISUAL COMMUNICATION- it include charts, graphs, tables, maps, posters etc.

5.  TELECOMMUNICATION- it is the process of communication over distance using electromagnetic instrument design for the purpose. e.g. T.V. , radio, internet, telephone etc.

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