Psychology unit 1

 Part 3

Methods of psychology or methods of study of behaviour

1. Introspection or self observation method

2. The observation method or systematic observation.

3. The experimental method or experimentation or laboratory

4. The survey method or inventory method

5. The test method

6. The case history or clinical method

7. The genetic or developmental method

Introspection or self observation method

It is an internal perception or self observation the individual himself observes his internal activities and processes whenever he likes to do.In this method, we get a direct knowledge oal. But thental diffective .

The observation method or systematic observation method

It consist of collection of data of by means of observing behaviour by somebody other than the person. The method is widely used in studying the behaviour of children and animals.

The experimental method or experimentation or laboratory method

Many experiments are conducted on people and animals dealing with mental activities, and this method is that experiments are objective and can be repeated and results confirmed. Limitations are that it can not always be used, specially if the experiments might be dangerous to the subjects are obtained in the artificial situation of the laboratory.

The survey method or inventory method

In this method, problems can not be directly observed. Survey are used together information about the various conditions. The results of a survey of a large number of a people have to be carefully analyzed before conclusions are made.

The test method

Ability, interest , attitude and intelligence are measured by this method by making use of carefully devised and standardized test. The test can be administered to a large number of personal at the same time saving a lot of time, and time , energy and dislocation of routine of work.

The case history or clinical method

It involves an- depth a analysis of an individual the method is also known as clinical as the method is continently used in hospitals . The data should be valid, science, complete and should be kept confidential.

The genetic or developmental method

Psychology study not only the behaviour of a particular time,but also the development from birth to death, the influence of heredity and environment in the development of the persons and conditions are favourable and unfavorable for normal development and abnormality.It studies the growth of behaviour.

Psychology unit 1st

Part 2

Evaluation of meaning of psychology          Study of soul

                 Study of mind

                                Study of concious experience

                                                     Study of behaviour

  Behaviour include all human activities_ motor activities like walking and speaking, cognitive activities such as perceiving , remembering and reasoning and emotional activities like feeling happy,sad and angry , behaviour includes all our reactions and responses to the stimuli.

             Definition of psychology

Psychology is a science, which aim to give us better understanding to control of the behaviour of the organism as a whole.

                             ( William MC Doughal 1949)

Psychology is the investigation of human and animal behaviour and of the mental and psychological processes associated with the behaviour.

                  ( Jackson 1976 )

 Scope of psychology

* It studies, describes and explain the behaviour of the living organisms.

* It describe all types of life activities and experience.

* It studies not only the  human behaviour, but also human experience, language and other form of communication .

* It exploy  to all the living creatures created by the almighty irrespective of their species, caste ,age , sex , mental and physical state . Thus all the studies in the subject psychology.

* It also studied the behaviour of the animal, insects, birds and plants life.

No limit can be imposed upon the subject psychology and it has many branches, mainly it is divide into two parts :-

# Pure psychology

It deals with the formulation of psychological principles and  theories. e.g. social psychology, para -psychology  , etc.

# Applied psychology

It deals with the application of psychological rules , principles, theories and techniques with reference to the real practical life situations.

eg. Clinical psychology, industrial psychology,etc

Important of psychology in nursing

The learning of psychology helps nurse in the following ways:-

To understand her oneself.

The knowledge of psychology will help the nurse to get an insight , this will help her own life more productively and relate more easily with others, enabling her to control situations and attain self discipline.

To understand patients.

Psychology will help the nurse to understand the problems and the needs of patients an attain to them. She can understand the personality characteristics of the patients to attain the quick relief and cure.

To recognize abnormal behaviour.

Psychology helps the nurses in recognizing mental illnesses at general hospitals and community health centres and provides appropriate.guidance to deal with stress, anxiety and other life problems.

To understand other people.

With her scientific knowledge of human nature, she will understand them better understanding of patients behaviour and problems,so she can support them in a better possible way.

Help patients adjust to the situations.

A nurse trained in psychology can be an affective health educator and help the patients to adjust various health conditions.

Help the student nurse to appreciate the necessity for changing the environment and surroundings.

Help for affective studying.

Psychology unit 1st

Part 1

Introduction 

History and origin of science of psychology

Psychology is a science,that separated from philosophy in 1879, Wilhelm Wundth established the first psychological laboratory at the University of Leipzig. He is known as the father of the psychology. In 20th century, psychologist came to hold quite different views about the nature mind and the best way to study it. Schools  of thought formed around these psychologist, these schools of thoughts are known as the schools of psychology.

William James and Wilhelm Wundth and other psychologist of the time thought of psychology. Psychology is the independent subject and a positive science. It is also a bio social science. It has an important relationship with biological and social science. The current definition of psychology, as the systematic study of human and animal behaviour. Behavioral science and considered as the observation and explaination of human behaviour either in single individuals or in groups. Psychology is a 'greek' word 'Psychi' and 'logos'. Psychi means soul and logos means the study of or knowledge or the study of soul.

Wilhelm Maximilian Wundth:- father of psychology

Sigmund Freud:- father of the modern psychology and psychoanalytic theory

Narendra Nath Sen Gupta:- father of Indian 'psychology'