Health unit 1

  Part 10 

                                  Hospitals

Hospital is an integral part of a social and medical organisation, the function is to provide complete health care to patient.

"A hospital is an institution for health care and provide treatment by specialized staff and equipment."

Physical setup of hospital

1. Location of hospital

2. Provision for health factors

3. Construction of hospital building

Classification of hospitals

1. According to the size or bed capacity

100 or less bed capacity (small)

101-300 bed capacity (medium size)

301 to 1000 bed ( large hospital)

500 (teaching hospital)

200to 300 beds - district hospital

30 to 50 beds - community health center

6 to 10 beds - primary health care center

2. According to ownership

Government or public hospitals run by central state government.

Non-government hospitals run by clients fees, gifts.

3. According to objectives

Teaching hospital

Specialized hospital

Isolation hospital

Rural hospital

4. According to system of medicine

Long term care Hospitals

e.g cancer

Short term hospitals

5. According to management

Hospital run by union government (railway) Hospitals by state government

Hospitals run by autonomous bodies like AIIMS (New Delhi)

Voluntary hospitals ( CHC vellore)

Organization of hospital department

In hospitals various departments are maintained and organized.

Main objective of all departments is to provide quality services to patients.

Hospitals have following departments

Outpatient department

Outpatient department is the one where all patients except those who require emergency treatment.

Medical department

Patients admitted to different provide specialized care.

It includes pediatrics, cardiology, neurology, psychiatric, urology, obstetrics and gynaecology.

Nursing department

Nursing is one of the important department in hospitals.

Paramedical department

Laboratory services includes biochemistry, bacteriology, blood banking, etc.

Pharmacy department

Pharmacy is important factor in medical care.

It has responsibility of selection, storing, purchasing of drugs.

Radiology department

It includes facilities of---

X-ray

MRI(magnetic resonance image)

CT scan

Ultrasound

ECG (electrocardiogram)

Non-medical Department

Medical record department

This department includes records of patient who have been admitted, discharged or left against medical advice.

Central sterile department

This department supplies sterile equipments and these include sterile.

Dietary department 

This department is also plays crucial role for patients health.

This department provides proper balanced diet to patients.

House keeping department

This department responsibility for cleaning and furnishing of hospital including pre of infection.

Function of hospital

Diagnostic and therapeutic services

The chief function of hospital is to provide care to patient by early diagnosis.

Emergency and critical care

Hospitals provide care to the patients with acute illness in emergency condition and advanced care for life threatening disease.

Education and training

In order to improve the practice of health care professionals various education programs are conducted in hospitals.

Prevention of disease

There is immunization, outpatient services that will help in prevention of diseases.

Hospitals also prevent infection by using isolation wards.

Research

Hospital are providing opportunities for research to support clinical pradise and advancement in health care.

Rehabilitation

It is one of the important function of hospitals.

It is combined measure that help patients get back or improve the health conditions.

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